HomeAssistant Blueprint 实战模板库：8 个开箱即用的智能场景自动化

Q: Blueprint 和普通自动化有什么区别？

Blueprint 是模板，需要导入后选择实体才能生成自动化；普通自动化是直接写死的配置。 Blueprint 优势：可复用、可分享、一键应用到多台设备。适合"一套逻辑多处使用"的场景。

Q: 如何导入和使用 Blueprint？

三种方式：① 复制 Blueprint YAML 到 `/config/blueprints/automation/` 目录； ② Settings → Devices & Services → Blueprints → Import； ③ 从蓝图商城下载。导入后点击"使用蓝图"，选择实体即可。

Q: Blueprint 更新后会同步到已创建的自动化吗？

不会。Blueprint 是模板，导入后生成的自动化是独立副本。 如需更新，需手动重新导入并重新配置实体。建议重要蓝图做好版本备份。

Q: 哪些场景最适合用 Blueprint？

适合"逻辑通用、实体不同"的场景：多房间照明、多设备控制、多传感器联动。 不适合"逻辑特殊、仅一处使用"的场景，直接写自动化更简单。

装了 HA 之后，最麻烦的不是"怎么写自动化"，而是"同样的逻辑要写 N 遍"。比如每个房间都要人来灯亮，难道要写 10 个相似的自动化？Blueprint 就是解决这个问题的——写好一次模板，导入后选实体就能生成自动化。

这篇分享 8 个生产环境验证过的 Blueprint 模板，每个都带完整配置和调参建议。

什么是 Blueprint

Blueprint 是 Home Assistant 的可复用自动化模板。它定义了自动化的逻辑框架，但不绑定具体设备。导入后选择实体，HA 自动生成完整的 YAML 自动化。

Blueprint 模板              生成的自动化
┌─────────────────┐       ┌─────────────────┐
│ Trigger:        │       │ Trigger:        │
│   motion_sensor │       │   binary_sensor. │
│                 │  →    │   livingroom_   │
│ Condition:      │       │   motion        │
│   after sunset  │       │                 │
│ Action:         │       │ Action:         │
│   turn_on light │       │   light.turn_on │
└─────────────────┘       │   light.living  │
                          └─────────────────┘

优势： - 一次编写，多处复用 - 统一逻辑，降低维护成本 - 非技术人员也能通过 UI 配置

模板 1：欢迎回家模式

# blueprints/automation/welcome_home.yaml
blueprint:
  name: 欢迎回家模式
  description: 当最后一个人回家时，自动开灯、开空调、播放音乐
  domain: automation
  input:
    people_sensor:
      name: 在家传感器
      selector:
        entity:
          multiple: true
          domain: person
    lights:
      name: 灯光
      selector:
        target:
          entity:
            domain: light
    climate:
      name: 空调
      selector:
        entity:
          domain: climate
    media_player:
      name: 音箱
      selector:
        entity:
          domain: media_player
    playlist:
      name: 播放列表
      selector:
        text:
          default: "轻松音乐"

trigger:
  - platform: state
    entity_id: !input people_sensor
    to: "home"
condition:
  - condition: template
    value_template: "{{ trigger.to_state.state == 'home' }}"
action:
  - service: light.turn_on
    target: !input lights
    data:
      brightness_pct: 80
      color_temp: 4000
  - service: climate.set_hvac_mode
    target: !input climate
    data:
      hvac_mode: cool
      temperature: 24
  - service: media_player.play_media
    target: !input media_player
    data:
      media_content_id: !input playlist
      media_content_type: "playlist"
  - service: notify.mobile_app_your_phone
    data:
      title: "🏠 欢迎回家"
      message: "灯光空调已开启，音乐正在播放"
mode: single

调参建议： - brightness_pct: 80——白天可调高，夜晚可调低（30%） - temperature: 24——根据季节调整，夏天 24-26°C，冬天 20-22°C - 可加时间条件：只在 18:00-23:00 触发

模板 2：离家安防模式

# blueprints/automation/away_mode.yaml
blueprint:
  name: 离家安防模式
  description: 当最后一个人离开时，自动关灯、关空调、锁门、开启安防
  domain: automation
  input:
    people_sensor:
      name: 在家传感器
      selector:
        entity:
          multiple: true
          domain: person
    lights:
      name: 要关闭的灯
      selector:
        target:
          entity:
            domain: light
    climate:
      name: 要关闭的空调
      selector:
        entity:
          domain: climate
    locks:
      name: 门锁
      selector:
        target:
          entity:
            domain: lock
    security_camera:
      name: 安防摄像头
      selector:
        entity:
          domain: camera
    notification_phone:
      name: 手机通知
      selector:
        entity:
          domain: notify

trigger:
  - platform: state
    entity_id: !input people_sensor
    from: "home"
    to: "not_home"
condition:
  - condition: template
    value_template: >
      {{ states('person.zhangsan') == 'not_home' and
         states('person.li si') == 'not_home' }}
action:
  - service: light.turn_off
    target: !input lights
  - service: climate.turn_off
    target: !input climate
  - service: lock.lock
    target: !input locks
  - service: camera.record
    target: !input security_camera
    data:
      duration: 300
  - service: notify.mobile_app_your_phone
    data:
      title: "🏠 离家模式已开启"
      message: "灯光空调已关闭，门锁已锁定，安防已布防"
mode: single

调参建议： - 加延迟：人刚出门可能又回来，加 delay: minutes: 5 避免误触发 - 可加例外：宠物在家时不触发（检测 pet_sensor）

模板 3：睡眠场景

# blueprints/automation/bedtime.yaml
blueprint:
  name: 睡眠场景
  description: 一键开启睡眠模式：关灯、锁门、调空调、开小夜灯
  domain: automation
  input:
    lights_to_off:
      name: 要关闭的灯
      selector:
        target:
          entity:
            domain: light
    nightlight:
      name: 小夜灯
      selector:
        target:
          entity:
            domain: light
    locks:
      name: 要锁的门
      selector:
        target:
          entity:
            domain: lock
    climate:
      name: 卧室空调
      selector:
        entity:
          domain: climate
    notification:
      name: 通知方式
      selector:
        target:
          entity:
            domain: notify

trigger:
  - platform: state
    entity_id: !input notification
    from: "off"
    to: "on"
condition: []
action:
  - service: light.turn_off
    target: !input lights_to_off
  - service: light.turn_on
    target: !input nightlight
    data:
      brightness_pct: 10
      rgb_color: [255, 200, 150]
  - service: lock.lock
    target: !input locks
  - service: climate.set_hvac_mode
    target: !input climate
    data:
      hvac_mode: heat
      temperature: 22
  - service: notify.mobile_app_your_phone
    data:
      title: "🌙 睡眠模式已开启"
      message: "全屋灯光已关闭，祝您晚安"
mode: single

模板 4：能源优化 EV 充电

# blueprints/automation/ev_surplus_charging.yaml
blueprint:
  name: 太阳能余电充电
  description: 当光伏电量充足时，自动为电动车充电
  domain: automation
  input:
    pv_power_sensor:
      name: 光伏功率
      selector:
        entity:
          domain: sensor
    ev_charger:
      name: 充电桩
      selector:
        entity:
          domain: switch
    min_battery:
      name: 最低电量阈值
      selector:
        number:
          min: 0
          max: 100
          step: 5
          unit: "%"
      default: 20
    target_battery:
      name: 目标电量
      selector:
        number:
          min: 50
          max: 100
          step: 5
          unit: "%"
      default: 80

trigger:
  - platform: state
    entity_id: !input pv_power_sensor
condition:
  - condition: template
    value_template: >
      {{ states(!input pv_power_sensor) | float > 2000 }}
  - condition: template
    value_template: >
      {{ states('sensor.ev_battery') | float < !input target_battery }}
action:
  - service: switch.turn_on
    target: !input ev_charger
  - service: notify.mobile_app_your_phone
    data:
      title: "🔋 EV 充电中"
      message: >
        光伏功率 {{ states(!input pv_power_sensor) }}W，
        当前电量 {{ states('sensor.ev_battery') }}%，目标 {{ !input target_battery }}%
mode: restart

调参建议： - min_battery: 20——低于此值不充电，保护电池 - 可加时间窗口：只在 10:00-16:00 充电（午休时段光伏高峰） - 可接入电价：谷电时段优先充电

模板 5：窗户联动空调

# blueprints/automation/window_ac_control.yaml
blueprint:
  name: 开窗关空调
  description: 当窗户打开时自动关闭空调，开窗时恢复
  domain: automation
  input:
    windows:
      name: 窗户传感器
      selector:
        entity:
          multiple: true
          domain: binary_sensor
    ac:
      name: 空调
      selector:
        entity:
          domain: climate
    delay:
      name: 延迟时间（秒）
      selector:
        number:
          min: 0
          max: 300
          step: 10
          unit: "秒"
      default: 30

trigger:
  - platform: state
    entity_id: !input windows
    to: "on"
  - platform: state
    entity_id: !input windows
    to: "off"
condition: []
action:
  - choose:
      - conditions:
          - condition: state
            entity_id: !input windows
            state: "on"
        sequence:
          - delay: seconds: !input delay
          - condition: state
            entity_id: !input windows
            state: "on"
          - service: climate.turn_off
            target: !input ac
      - conditions:
          - condition: state
            entity_id: !input windows
            state: "off"
        sequence:
          - service: climate.set_hvac_mode
            target: !input ac
            data:
              hvac_mode: cool
              temperature: 24
mode: restart

调参建议： - delay: 30——避免开窗通风瞬间误触发，等 30 秒确认 - 可加温度条件：室外温度低于 26°C 才开窗关空调

模板 6：智能照明日落调节

# blueprints/automation/sunset_light_adjust.yaml
blueprint:
  name: 日落智能调光
  description: 日落后 gradualy 调暗灯光，模拟自然光变化
  domain: automation
  input:
    lights:
      name: 要调节的灯
      selector:
        target:
          entity:
            domain: light
    start_brightness:
      name: 初始亮度
      selector:
        number:
          min: 10
          max: 100
          step: 10
          unit: "%"
      default: 100
    end_brightness:
      name: 最终亮度
      selector:
        number:
          min: 5
          max: 30
          step: 5
          unit: "%"
      default: 20
    duration:
      name: 调节时长（分钟）
      selector:
        number:
          min: 10
          max: 120
          step: 10
          unit: "分钟"
      default: 30

trigger:
  - platform: sun
    event: sunset
condition: []
action:
  - variables:
      steps: 6
      delay_seconds: >
        {{ (duration * 60) / steps | int }}
  - repeat:
      count: !input steps
      sequence:
        - service: light.turn_on
          target: !input lights
          data:
            brightness_pct: >
              {{ start_brightness - (start_brightness - end_brightness) * repeat.index / steps | int }}
            color_temp: >
              {{ 4000 + (6500 - 4000) * repeat.index / steps | int }}
        - delay: seconds: !input delay_seconds
mode: single

模板 7：管道漏水保护

# blueprints/automation/leak_protection.yaml
blueprint:
  name: 漏水自动保护
  description: 检测到漏水立即关闭水阀并推送告警
  domain: automation
  input:
    leak_sensors:
      name: 漏水传感器
      selector:
        entity:
          multiple: true
          domain: binary_sensor
    water_valve:
      name: 水阀
      selector:
        entity:
          domain: valve
    notification:
      name: 通知方式
      selector:
        target:
          entity:
            domain: notify
    alarm_sound:
      name: 警报音
      selector:
        entity:
          domain: media_player

trigger:
  - platform: state
    entity_id: !input leak_sensors
    to: "on"
condition: []
action:
  - service: valve.close
    target: !input water_valve
  - service: media_player.volume_set
    target: !input alarm_sound
    data:
      volume_level: 1.0
  - service: media_player.play_media
    target: !input alarm_sound
    data:
      media_content_id: "https://your-server.local/alarm.mp3"
      media_content_type: "audio/mp3"
  - service: notify.mobile_app_your_phone
    data:
      title: "⚠️ 漏水告警！"
      message: "已自动关闭总水阀，请立即检查！"
      data:
        push:
          urgency: high
mode: single

重要： - 每月手动测试一次水阀关闭功能 - 考虑加 "Test Mode" 开关，测试时不触发 - 备用方案：手动关闭水阀的位置要标识清楚

模板 8：每日设备报告

# blueprints/automation/daily_device_report.yaml
blueprint:
  name: 每日设备状态报告
  description: 每天早上发送当日设备状态摘要
  domain: automation
  input:
    devices:
      name: 要监控的设备
      selector:
        entity:
          multiple: true
    notification:
      name: 通知方式
      selector:
        target:
          entity:
            domain: notify
    report_time:
      name: 报告时间
      selector:
        time:
          default: "08:00"

trigger:
  - platform: time
    at: !input report_time
condition: []
action:
  - variables:
      report: "📊 每日设备状态报告\n\n"
  - repeat:
      for_each: !input devices
      sequence:
        - variables:
            device_state: "{{ states(repeat.item) }}"
            device_name: "{{ state_attr(repeat.item, 'friendly_name') | default(repeat.item) }}"
        - variables:
            report: "{{ report + '- ' + device_name + ': ' + device_state + '\n' }}"
  - service: notify.mobile_app_your_phone
    data:
      title: "📱 每日设备报告"
      message: !input report
mode: single

使用最佳实践

实践	说明
做好注释	Blueprint 要写明每个输入的用途和推荐值
版本管理	用 Git 管理 Blueprint 文件，记录变更历史
测试优先	先在测试环境验证，确认无误再应用到生产
备份配置	导出 Blueprint YAML 备份，防止丢失
统一命名	实体命名遵循统一规范（如 `area_device_type`）

写在最后

Blueprint 是 HA 自动化的"积木"——写好一次，随处复用。八个模板覆盖了智能家居最常见的场景：

欢迎回家 —— 多设备联动
离家安防 —— 一键布防
睡眠场景 —— 一键关灯锁门
能源优化 —— EV 智能充电
窗户联动 —— 开窗关空调
智能照明 —— 日落调光
漏水保护 —— 安全兜底
每日报告 —— 设备状态汇总

用好 Blueprint，让你的智能家居真正"智能"起来，而不是写一堆重复的自动化。